Introduction to Oceanography - Weekly Schedule

OCEA 112 (3767) - Fall 2009 - Room 38E-101 - 7:00-9:50 PM
Instructor:  Memorie Yasuda


Syllabus:   http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/oceanography
Earthguide web resource:   http://earthguide.ucsd.edu
Lecture note summmary:   http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/oceanography/lecturenotes.html

*Reading assignments will be narrowed and adjusted in class.
Notify the instructor in case of any errors.
Any corrections to these items will be posted online.

Week Date
Assignments
Resources
Topics Reading
1 August 27

Assignment 1



Class business
• Attendance & introductions
• Class policies
• Highlights of the course

Origin of the Earth, its oceans and life on our planet

• Chapter 2
• App. IX


2 September 3

Assignment 2



Layers of the Earth
• The low areas that hold the water in the ocean
• Layers inside the Earth

Basic science
• Melting and solidification of solids

Plate tectonic activity and shaping the ocean basins
• What's a plate and how does it move?
• Key processes that shape the Earth's surface -
   Seafloor spreading & subduction
• Features of the seafloor associated with
   seafloor spreading and subduction
• Types of plate margins - Divergent, convergent and transform
• Earthquakes and volcanoes
• Unusual habitats for life


• Chapter 3
3 September 10

Alternate Assignment 3 included with Assignment 2




No class this week

Alternative assignment

• Chapter 4

4 September 17

Assignment 4




Basic science
• Mass, density, convection, isostatic equilibrium, gravity
• Gravitational and magnetic fields

Plate tectonics
• Evidence - Hotspots? Hawaii as an example
• Paleomagnetic anomalies in oceanic crust

Continents and their margins
• The difference between continents and lithospheric plates
• Shape of continental margins
• Continent vs. plate margins
• Types of continental margins - Active vs. passive
• Radiation of species

• Chapter 4

5 September 24

Assignment 5

Midterm 1





Mapping
• Charting unknown seas
• The size of the Earth
• Determining location on a sphere - Latitude and longitude
• Determining the shape of an area on a sphere
• Determining depth - SONAR and satellite altimetry
• Making maps
• Using geospatial information
• Migration, invasive species

First midterm  No scantron needed.

***  September 25 - Last day to apply for "CR/NC"  ***

• App. I, III, IV
• Chapter 1

6 October 1

Assignment 6




Marine Sediments
• What is sediment?
• Layers of sediment as a historical record
• The succession of life in a changing world
• Types of marine sediments
• Deep sea drilling technologies
• Marine "micro" fossils
• Sediment resources of economic value

• Chapter 5
• Chapter 7:195-197
• Chapter 17:478-480
7 October 8

Assignment 7





Water in the ocean
• The extent of the ocean
• The volume of water in the ocean
• Mass, temperature, density, volume and sea level
• Phases of water - solid, liquid, gas - and energy
• Water cycle and "reservoirs" of water on Earth
• Transport of matter and energy
• Tagging and monitoring the ocean

• Chapter 6
• Chapter 8: 211

8 October 15

Assignment 8





Seawater chemistry
• What is water?
• Water as a solvent
• Polarity of the water molecule
• The hydrogen bond
• Energy, temperature and phase
• Forming and dissolving solids in a solution
• Salinity of seawater
• Variations in salinity near the sea surface
• Dissolved gases in seawater
• Seawater as a source of nutrients for living things
• How animals deal witrh salinity, temperature and depth variations

• Chapter 7
• App. VIII
• Chapter 17: 480-481
9 October 22

Assignment 9





The atmosphere
• Convection, atmospheric pressure and winds
• Surface winds • Coriolis deflection
• Water in the air - vapor and clouds
• Sea breezes and monsoons
• Transport of matter and energy
• Development of storms and hurricanes
• How surface winds make water move
• Living in air vs. water

• Chapter 8
• App. V
10 October 29

Assignment 10

Midterm 2






Waves Part I
• What is a wave?
• Wave type #1: Capillary waves
• Wave type #2: Wind waves
• Waves vs. currents: Transport of energy vs. matter
• Waves and coastal erosion
• Waves and currents as a source of energy
• Surfing

Second midterm  No scantron needed.

• Chapter 10: 264-283
• Chapter 17: 481-484
11 November 5

Assignment 11






Waves Part II
• Wave type #3: Tides
• Simple model for observed daily, monthely and annual tidal
   patterns in San Diego
• The actual interaction between forces that generate tides and
   the shape of the Earth's surface
• Tides as a source of energy
• Wave type #4: Tsunami
• Events that displace seawater and generate tsunami
• The risk of tsunami - San Diego vs. Cascadia
• Wave type #5: Seiche
• Lunar cycles and life


• Chapter 10: 284+
• Chapter 11
12 November 12





Ocean currents
• Surface ocean currents
• Surface vs. deep ocean currents • The thermocline
• Surface winds that drive surface currents
• Ekman transport
• Upwelling - coastal and equatorial
• El Ni�o and the Southern Oscillation
• Deep ocean currents
• Transport of matter and energy
• Satellite remote sensing
• Chapter 9

13 November 19

Midterm 3



Coasts
• Beaches and the coastal cell model
• Reversible change driven by seasonal storms
• Shaping coasts by erosion and deposition
• Evolution of coasts driven by sea level change
• The imprint of tectonic setting and change over geologic time
• Coastal hazards
• Human modification of coasts
• Brief overview of other types of coasts
• Tidepools

***  November 12 - Last day to drop  ***

Third midterm No scantron needed

• Chapter 12

--- November 26

THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY!
---
14 December 3
 






Life in the ocean I
• Biological systems on land and sea
• Solar radiation, matter, enegy and life
• Key processes - Photosynthesis and respiration
• Key photosynthesizers - Phytoplankton
• Primary productivity
• Trophic relationships
• Concept of limiting nutrients
• Mariculture

• Chapter 13: 347-361
• Chapter 14
• Chapter 2: 49-50

15 December 10



Life in the ocean II
• Chemosynthesis
• Nearshore and open ocean marine environments
• Availability of light and food
• Examples of adaptation
• Intro to concepts in ecology
• Petroluem and other "fossil" fuels
• Geoengineering


• Chapter 13: 360+
• Chapter 14
• Chapter 17: 475-478

17 December 17

Final exam is on Thursday at 8:00-10:00 p.m.



Updated: August 24, 2009