Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) - (n.)

The largest and oldest of the oceanographic institutes in the United States, SIO is engaged in a wide variety of studies concerning the solid Earth, the ocean and the atmosphere. Its prominent research includes the circulation of the ocean, waves and tides, earthquakes, carbon cycle chemistry, atmosphere and climate, ocean productivity, marine bacteria, and ocean sediments. Founded in 1903, its most renowned directors were the Norwegian oceanographer Harald U. Sverdrup (1888-1957) and the American geologist and geophysicist Roger R. Revelle (1909-1991).